Black-necked Cranes gather at the Dashanbao Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve in Zhaotong, Yunnan province, Jan, 2022. [Photo/Xinhua]
2022年1月拍摄于云南省昭通市大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区。【图片/新华社】
本文首发于《中国日报》
Originally published on China Daily
人类只有地球一个家园，但地球并非为人类独享。我们与百万种不同物种共享这个美丽的蓝色星球，我们的存在与这些物种息息相关。为了所有生灵，我们必须守卫地球的健康与繁荣。
今年国际生物多样性日的主题——“共建地球生命共同体”就体现了这个简单却重要的真理。这也是人类最紧迫的任务，因为地球母亲正在遭受伤害。
Humanity has only one home – the Earth. But it isn’t exclusively ours. We share our beautiful planet – this stunning blue marble – with millions of other species and our existence is intertwined with theirs. For the sake of all living things, we must ensure a healthy and thriving planet.
This simple yet important truth is reflected in this year’s International Biological Diversity Day theme: ‘building a shared future for all life’. This theme could not be more compelling because currently we are failing our Mother Earth.
地球正处于崩溃边缘。地球上75%的陆地和三分之二的海洋受人类活动影响，环境破坏不断加剧。据估计，每天约有200个物种灭绝。由于野生动物栖息地被破坏，世界上五分之一的国家的生态系统濒临崩溃。与此同时，全球碳排放量又创新高。
为了维系人类后代的生存，我们必须从根本上修复与自然业已破裂的关系。
为了实现这一目的，联合国《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会（COP15）第一阶段会议作出了关键举措。国际社会共同签署了《昆明宣言》，同意采取紧急、综合的行动，在全世界范围内保护生物多样性。中国也宣布出资15亿人民币，设立昆明生物多样性基金，用以支持发展中国家的生物多样性保护事业，这些国家保护行动的实施同时受到联合国开发计划署和联合国环境规划署支持。
The planet is at a breaking point. With 75%of the earth’s land, and2/3of its oceans now impacted by humans, environmental disruption is only escalating. An estimated200species are going extinct every day,1/5of all nations could see ecosystems collapse due to destruction of wildlife habitats. and carbon emissions are higher than ever before.
If the world is to sustain future generations, we must fundamentally fix our broken relationship with nature.
To this end, at part one of the COP15 summit of the Convention on Biological Diversity, we saw some important steps being made. The international community came together to sign the Kunming Declaration, agreeing to urgent and integrated actions for the protection of biodiversity around the world. China also announced the establishment of the 1.5 billion RMB Kunming Biodiversity Fund to support conservation efforts in developing countries which UNDP, together with UNEP, looks forward to offering our support in operationalizing.
然而，要真正成为自然长期的守护者，我们还必须做出影响更广泛、更迅速的改变。
However, to truly safeguard nature for the future, we need to see more wide-ranging and rapid change.
以下几方面对推进自然保护事业的进展尤为重要：
In particular, there are several areas where it will be critical to advance progress:
首先，我们必须不断强化保护生物多样性和应对气候变化之间的协同。
First, we must continue to strengthen the synergies between how we address biodiversity protection and climate change.
气候变化正在摧毁生态系统，而生态系统不仅为其他物种提供栖居地，而且扮演着“碳汇”的角色，持续吸收温室气体。中国科学院发现，在2001至2010年间，陆地生态系统的年固碳量可以抵消中国化石燃料排放的14.1%。因此，应对如生物多样性和气候变化这些互相关联的挑战，采取综合性举措至关重要。
The ecosystems which climate change is destroying not only provide habitats to other species, but also absorb greenhouse gases as carbon sinks. In fact, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) found that from 2001-2010, annual carbon sequestration of terrestrial ecosystems was equal to offsetting 14.1% of China’s fossil fuel emissions. Thus, it will be critical to tackle these interrelated challenges together.
第二，必须不断增加和扩大生物多样性投融资。为维护生物多样性，我们每年需要8240亿美元的资金量。
Second, biodiversity finance must be increased and expanded. We need US$824 billion every year to sustain biodiversity.
而目前，全世界在保护生物多样性方面的支出仅为1420亿美元，占全球GDP的0.1%，可以说占比严重不足。也就是说，保护生物多样性的资金缺口约为7000亿美元。更糟糕的是，各国政府每年有5000亿美元的政府投资其实是在破坏生物多样性，特别是不恰当的农业补贴。
联合国开发计划署发布的“全球生物多样性融资倡议（BIOFIN）”致力于为保护行动提供多种资源，并提高其有效性。这一倡议去年在中国发布，旨在鼓励公共和私营部门的合作伙伴加大自然友好型的投融资。
However, currently the world spends only US$142 billion on biodiversity conservation, just over 0.1% of total global GDP. This is grossly inadequate. We have an almost US$700 billion gap for the foundation of everything we value.
It is made worse by the fact that governments spend nearly US$500 billion a year on investments that harm biodiversity, particularly agricultural subsidies.
UNDP’s global Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN)works to multiply resources for conservation efforts and improve their effectiveness.Its launch in China will help to galvanize public and private partners to increase financing for nature-positive investments.
第三，私营部门参与环境保护至关重要。
Second, biodiversity finance must be increased and expanded. We need US$824 billion every year to sustain biodiversity.
若缺少私营部门的资金参与，维持生物多样性的资金缺口将更难填补。已经有许多私营部门在积极参与企业社会责任和慈善事业，更具引领性的企业还应将可持续发展置于商业战略的核心位置，确保价值链的每一环节对自然资源的获取都不超出地球的承载力。对私营部门而言，这不仅仅是在履行道德责任，更是在创造新的经济发展。世界经济论坛（WEF）预计，到2030年，新自然友好型经济可以创造高达10.1万亿美元的年度商业价值，以及新增3.95亿个就业机会。
Without private investment, the funding gap to sustain biodiversity will be much more difficult to close. But contributions from the business sector must go beyond just CSR and philanthropy. Sustainability has to be put at the core of business strategies, so that every stage of value-chains is one our world can sustain. And for companies, this isn’t just about having a moral responsibility. The World Economic Forum (WEF) estimates that a new nature-positive economy could generate up to US$10.1 trillion in annual business value and create 395 million jobs by 2030.
最后， COP15第二阶段会议即将在今年晚些时候召开，这为重申国际合作对生物多样性保护的重要性提供了契机。
Finally, with part two of the COP15 biodiversity summit to be held later this year, it is an opportunity to recognizethe importance of international cooperation.
保护生物多样性、创造健康环境是全球需共同面对的挑战，这一挑战不分国界。人类若想成功保护地球，各国需一道努力，尽快达成一致——我们需要必要的资金支持，以加快落实《2020年后全球生物多样性框架》这份有雄心的、具体的、可衡量的计划，这也将体现国际社会对上述《框架》的重要性及紧迫性的国际认同。
The need to conserve biodiversity and ensure a healthy environment is a global challenge that does not stop at borders.Countries must work together if humanity is to succeed in protecting the planet. Reaching consensus on the adoption of an ambitious, specific, and measurable post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework underpinned by the necessary financing will represent international recognition of this fact and is thus vitally important.
愿各国共同努力，创造一个人与自然和谐共存、共同繁荣的世界。
Working together, countries can create a world where humanity and nature do not just co-exist, but also flourish.
本文作者为联合国开发计划署驻华代表白雅婷
The article is authored by Beate Trankmann, UNDP Resident Representative in China
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